War and Nature in Literature

War and Nature in Literature War and nature are two themes that have so much in common. Mankind is always on a mission to exploit the environment for new possibilities, make life easier and bearable. Archeologists for instance channel a lot of efforts, time and resources exploiting and studying artifacts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on War and Nature in Literature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Being exploitative by nature, man also puts much effort in exploiting oil wells and other forms of energy and use different means to transport to the areas where it is needed. The exploitation has had several negative effects on the environment and despite this, energy demands keep increasing and hence the need to do more exploitation. Exhaust fumes from tracks, factories as well as other poisonous substances pose a serious threat to the environment. The exploitation seems to pose a threat to archeological research as well (Johnson 1-4). A very small p ercentage of nature has been exploited and studied archeologically and this includes the forests and the landscape, yet exploitation for energy is destroying them. Population grown has also contributed to the destruction of the natural environment. Energy companies have been known to build roads that lead to the mining fields while people use the roads to explore and exploit the environment as they use off-road vehicles. What used to be remote is no longer remote and the environment is being overexploited and to the level where the future generations may have nothing to depend on. This is in accordance with a New York Times article on the Western energy boom that was published on 2nd August, 2008. There are other places which have recreational facilities, cultural resources as well as energy development firms all at the same place hence causing a great conflict. There is a great need for the coexistence of energy and history instead of energy exploitation leading to the destruction of archeological sites. Exploitation has to be done in a responsible way to ensure that nature is preserved. The exploitation must therefore be policed be it by volunteers or the government. More research on archeological sites and their importance has to be enhanced and methods that are friendly to nature be employed in exploration.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More People have continually been exploiting the natural resources, for instance through fishing. The indigenous species are continually being depleted with minimal or no restriction at all. Elizabeth Bishop in her poem, ‘The fish’ notes; â€Å"He didnt fight. He hadnt fought at all (Bishop 200).† This is in reference to the fact that man meets little resistance while exploiting the environment to his benefit, yet distorting the balance in nature. Nature and man seem to always be at war, with man always taking advantage of nature and overexploiting it and nature reacts by hauling the side effects of overexploitation back to him. Given the fact that mans desire to explore and exploit never seize, he goes to the level of overexploiting nature and leaves the environment desolate with no ancient and attractive sites hence causing people to long for it yet they cannot get it. With the continued industrialization, the emergence of factories, mines as well as railroads, all of most of which use coal, environmental pollution has been on the rise both in the cities as well as the countries hence making nature to lose its beauty (Wordsworth 22). The persona in the poem, ‘The Lake Isle of Innisfree,’ yarns to go and experience nature in its ideal and uninterrupted form. For instance he says, â€Å"And evening full of the linnets wings,† which is a symbol of the natural environment. (Yeats 44). Another significant aspect in man’s life is war. Since t ime immemorial man has always been at war. Humans have always tried to outdo each other by waging war against the rivals, hence spreading havoc and distraction against the enemy as well as killing. The aim of war is to silence the foe and claim victory hence granting freedom to the coming generations. Most of the time what is left of war is the memories of the past. At the time of war, people undergo so much difficulty, loosing valuable, hurting and even dying in the process yet others keep the fight. At war time, pleasure is derived from the anguish and agony that is directed to the enemy as stated in Wilfred Owen’s poem (Owen 2). Although those who win encounter losses as well, as evident in the poem, Concord Hymn, â€Å"The foe long since in silence slept; Alike the conqueror silent sleeps (Emerson 43)† War is fought and people killed just because they belong to the camp of the foes. In real sense, had those who were killing each other met in an inn, they would have perceived each other in a different way. There is usually no substantial justification for killings occur during war time.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on War and Nature in Literature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People kill others yet had they met at a bar they would have treated each other, or helped each other under different circumstances. The poet in the poem, ‘The Man He Killed,’ notes; â€Å"You shoot a fellow down Youd treat, if met where any bar (Hardy 130).† People get to war just for the sake of fighting at times with no established reason or no justification for it. They march into the valley of death to kill and be killed. They go in multitudes and with sophisticated weapons. War never seems to surprise people, and no care is given as to whether a mistake was made are whether a reason is given for the war to take place. All that the soldiers care about is to kill and get killed. Weapons are arranged in every side and fired causing destruction and death and those who return from the battlefield are usually fewer than those who went. Those who fight well escape death as their colleagues are killed (Tennyson 100). All that is gained is the glory and the memories of how they fought bravely. War and nature are in a way related. War has adverse effects on nature. The shelling, bombing, fumes and fires that emanate from war not only cause death but also leads to the destruction of the natural environment. They leave the battle field desolate and in some cases the effects are over a wider area. Man has always taken part in the destruction of the natural environment as well as in engineering war which causes a lot of havoc to the environment. In both cases, the destructive nature of man is manifest. Bishop, Elizerbeth. The Fish. Poetry Connection (1939): 200. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Concord Hymn. Yale Book of American verse (1836): 43.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hardy, Thomas. The Man He Killed. Mordern British Poetry (1920): 130. Johnson, Kirk. Energy Boom in West Threatens Indian Artifacts. NewYork Times  (2008): 1-4. Owen, Wilfred. Dulce Et Decorum Est. The Trench Destroyer (1917). Tennyson, Alfred. The Charge of the Light Brigade. Poetry Archive (1843): 100. Wordsworth, William. Sonnet. Miscellaneous Sonnets (1850): 22. Yeats, Willium Butler. Lake Isle of Innerfree. Modern British Poetry (1865): 44.

Contemporary issues in conflict and security Case Study

Contemporary issues in conflict and security - Case Study Example Terrorism poses threat to societal gains as wells lives of the people in the society. The interest in discussing this issue lies in the fact that it conflict human security interest. Crenshaw (2009:383), believe that the causes of terrorism fall into two categories. First, societal setting creates permissive conditions, which promote terrorism. Modernisation is one of the permissive conditions, which creates interrelated factors that support the terrorism activities. Communication and transportation are crucial to terrorism activities because they allow the terror groups to improve their networks and extend their activities across the world. For instance, train bombing in Spain in 2001, depicts how networking and transportation allow terror activities to expand their roots in the society. Crenshaw (2009:381), argues that terrorist activities observed in the historical Russia in 1890s and the modern terrorist observed in Spain in 2001 depend on modernisation in executing their ills. The fear that the society harbours today is potentiality of the terror groups, using the modern nuclear technology to execute their plots. Crenshaw (2009:382), posit that urbanisation is an aspect of modernisation that create permissive situations for terror activities. The concept of terrorism in relation to urbanization traces its roots in 1960s in Latin America where urban war fair first appeared. She points out that cities became the central point for terror activities. Various scholars have given their explanation in relation to cities as target places for terror activities (Bjorgo, 2005:123). Largely, these arguments describe the urbanisation effects as weaknesses that create permissive conditions for terror activities in the cities. For instance over population create conditions of low lifestyle, economic constraints, among other factors, which lead to criminal activities. The criminal hideouts in the shanties permit the

Should Christopher Columbus be celebrated for Western Civilization or Essay

Should Christopher Columbus be celebrated for Western Civilization or not - Essay Example Elsewhere in the Americas, living standards are high and are improving. Nevertheless, these successes, which can be traced directly from Columbus' first voyage, were also dearly bought. Millions of native lives were lost, through disease and intentional mistreatment. Several civilizations were effectively destroyed so that a new civilization based on settlers' stock could grow. As such, Columbus clearly has a mixed reputation. These two views of Christopher Columbus are both espoused by different historical schools. The argument in a sense boils down to one of politics. Those who are more inclined to be anti-establishment and romantic would suggest that Columbus' legacy is one of bloodshed and misery. Those who are more realist suggest that civilizations with better technology and organization will always supersede those who lack these qualities. In a sense it was the destiny of the advanced European nations to take over the Americas and build their own colonies there. The other civi lizations such as the Aztecs and the various tribes of North America were simply unable to compete. There are two main historians who support each of these views. The former view is espoused by Kirkpatrick Sale; the latter by Felipe Fernandez-Armesto. The latter view is more sensible. Kirkpatrick Sale makes a powerful argument about Columbus, but it is all too political and too based on hyperbole. Motives are ascribed to Columbus which he simply never held. The years of colonization were years of â€Å"subjugation and violence† according to Sale (Sale, 152). Nothing good ever came of them. The Spanish were rapacious and built nothing and simply destroyed the environment. This is too simplistic a view of the world. According to Sale, the natives were vastly superior to the Europeans who came to the Americas. He describes how their technology was much better, but sounds quite foolish doing so: â€Å"'Indian societies had a variety of technologies, some quite sophisticated and many well beyond anything comparable in Europe at the time . . . and certainly could have developed others if they felt any need to do so, particularly in regard to food supply. If they did not, there was likely to be a good reason: if they did not anywhere use the plow, for instance, that may have been because their methods of breaking the soil with a planting stick worked just as well with a tenth of the effort, or because they had learned that opening up and turning over whole fields would only decrease nutrients and increase erosion, or because their thought-world would not have allowed such disregardful violence† (Sale, 322). This is an incredibly idealized view and one that is not unlike those who believe in the noble savage. A critic of the book rightly points out that â€Å"Mr. Sale treats the varied ways of life that actually prevailed in the Americas as if all Indians were the same, and confuses time as well by quoting late-20th-century Indian spokesmen as though th eir words applied universally to every tribe and people† (McNeil). Fernandez-Armesto's perspective is more sensible. He looks to historical context. He also sees contemporary political correctness for what it is: In the opinion of one self-styled Native American spokesman, 'he makes Hitler look like a juvenile delinquent'. This sort of hype is doubly unhelpful: demonstrably false, it makes the horrors of the holocaust seem precedented and gives comfort to Nazi apologists by making

Week 1assignment ReportForm Essay Example for Free

Week 1assignment ReportForm Essay Footprint Results (Answers to the following 2 questions will be given upon completion of footprint) If everyone lived like you, how many planet Earth’s would we need? 4.2 To support your lifestyle, how many productive global acres area needed? 21.4 Ecological Footprint Breakdown (Values can be obtained by scrolling over pie chart generated at completion of footprint) Percent of emissions from Food 31% Percent of emissions from Shelter 9% Percent of emissions from Mobility 4% Percent of emissions from Goods 14% Percent of emissions from Services 31% TABLE B. Household Emissions Household Emissions Results (Answers can be found in bar graphs following completion of calculator) What are your current household emissions? 15,563 What are the U.S. average household emissions? 145,250 What was your reduced emissions? 5,709 Household Emissions Savings (Answers can be found above bar graphs If you took all actions you would reduce annual emissions by: 63% If you took all actions your potential dollar savings would be: $4.87 Your new total annual estimated CO2 emissions: 5,709 QUESTIONS 1. Based on your findings from the ecological footprint calculator, how many Earth’s would be needed to support the global population if everyone lived your same lifestyle? Additionally, describe the impacts on the Earth’s climate, biodiversity, and economic security if every individual in the world lived your same lifestyle and discuss why these impacts would occur. Answer = Earth’s climate, Biodiversity , Economic Security 2. Based on your findings from the ecological footprint calculator, what are the 3 everyday products and practices that contribute most to your environmental footprint? Answer = Food, service, and goods 3. Based on the information from the reduce emissions section of the household emissions calculator, name at least 2 actions that you can take to limit your carbon emissions? Include in your answer the exact dollar savings and the weight of carbon dioxide that could be saved (from the calculator results) for each of these two actions. Answer = Services and food. You can limit your percent of emission on service by cutting down the service you use and saving at least 50.00 a week and on food by buying cheaper product and eating less could save you at least $100. A month. 4. Does reducing the size of your ecological footprint necessarily mean reducing your quality of life? Why or why not? Are there ways of enhancing your quality of life while lowering your environmental impact? Answer = No it might even make quality of life better. Because you are reducing everyday living, like eating habits recycle more things which will make life better that in the pass. Yes References Any sources utilized in your question answers should be listed here. Bottcher, A., Rex, A. (2012). Environmental science student manual. Sheridan, CO: eScience Labs.

Managerial Roles :: essays research papers

Henry Mintzberg took a live study of five CEO’s of a company and came up with ten managerial roles that best reflected all the daily tasks a manager performs. These ten tasks or roles are broken up to in groups called interpersonal, informational, and decisional. The groups are managerial behaviors the manager would go through on the job. The interpersonal managerial roles have three roles within it figurehead, leader, and liaison. A figurehead role was obliged to perform a number of routine duties of legal or social nature. An example would be a manager in charge of the legal department or sign contracts for sales deal. The leader role was in charge of motivation, training, and staffing. An example would be a manager hiring an employee or human resources manager. The liaison role was to keep contact information of vendors that would supply information or work. A manager would keep this information to do everyday business to keep in contact with vendors. The informational managerial role also has three roles within it are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. The monitor keeps current with all company information from within and the outside world. A manager would want to keep current to tell or show new things that employees or other personal would need to know. The disseminator shares knowledge with other employees. A manager would do this by holding meeting or sending out emails. The spokesperson would share information to the outside world like the press or other organizations. A manager would hold a conference or inform the media of new things to come. The Decisional managerial role has four roles that are entrepreneur, disturbance hander, resource allocator, and negotiator. The entrepreneur would seek out new ideas and look for opportunities for improvement. A manager would create ideas or get information back from employees to present ideas to the company. A disturbance hander would be responsible for corrective actions and handle company disturbances.

Imperfect Competition Essay

In a perfectly competitive market—a market in which there is many buyers and sellers, none of whom represents a large part of the market—firms are price takers. That is, they are sellers of products who believe they can sell as much as they like at the current price but cannot influence the price they receive for their product. For example, a wheat farmer can sell as much wheat as she likes without worrying that if she tries to sell more wheat, she will depress the market price. The reason she need not worry about the effect of her sales on prices is that any individual wheat grower represents only a tiny fraction of the world market. When only a few firms produce a good, however, the situation is different. To take perhaps the most dramatic example, the aircraft manufacturing giant Boeing shares the market for large jet aircraft with only one major rival, the European firm Airbus. As a result, Boeing knows that if it produces more aircraft, it will have a significant effect on the total supply of planes in the world and will therefore significantly drive down the price of airplanes. Or to put it another way, Boeing knows that if it wants to sell more airplanes, it can do so only by significantly reducing its price. In imperfect competition, then, firms are aware that they can influence the prices of their products and that they can sell more only by reducing their price. This situation occurs in one of two ways: when there are only a few major producers of a particular good, or when each firm produces a good that is differentiated from that of rival firms. Monopoly profits rarely go uncontested. A firm making high profits normally attracts competitors. Thus situations of pure monopoly are rare in practice. Instead, the usual market structure in industries characterized by internal economies of scale is one of oligopoly, in which several firms are each large enough to affect prices, but none has an uncontested monopoly. The general analysis of oligopoly is a complex and controversial subject because in oligopolies, the pricing policies of firms are interdependent. Each firm in an oligopoly will, in setting its price, consider not only the responses of consumers but also the expected responses of competitors. In monopolistic competition models, two key assumptions are made to get around the problem of interdependence. First, each firm is assumed to be able to differentiate its product from that of its rivals. That is, because a firm’s customers want to buy that particular firm’s product, they will not rush to buy other firms’ products because of a slight price difference. Product differentiation thus ensures that each firm has a monopoly in its particular product within an industry and is therefore somewhat insulated from competition. Second, each firm is assumed to take the prices charged by its rivals as given—that is, it ignores the impact of its own price on the prices of other firms. As a result, the monopolistic competition model assumes that even though each firm is in reality facing competition from other firms, each firm behaves as if it were a monopolist—hence the model’s name. Reference: http://classof1.com/homework-help/international-economics-homework-help

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